2 Kings 25:5

Authorized King James Version

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And the army of the Chaldees pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho: and all his army were scattered from him.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּרְדְּפ֤וּ pursued H7291
וַיִּרְדְּפ֤וּ pursued
Strong's: H7291
Word #: 1 of 13
to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively [of time] gone by)
חֵיל֔וֹ And the army H2428
חֵיל֔וֹ And the army
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 2 of 13
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
כַּשְׂדִּים֙ of the Chaldees H3778
כַּשְׂדִּים֙ of the Chaldees
Strong's: H3778
Word #: 3 of 13
a kasdite, or descendant of kesed; by implication, a chaldaean (as if so descended); also an astrologer (as if proverbial of that people
אַחַ֣ר after H310
אַחַ֣ר after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 4 of 13
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ the king H4428
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 5 of 13
a king
וַיַּשִּׂ֥גוּ and overtook H5381
וַיַּשִּׂ֥גוּ and overtook
Strong's: H5381
Word #: 6 of 13
to reach (literally or figuratively)
אֹת֖וֹ H853
אֹת֖וֹ
Strong's: H853
Word #: 7 of 13
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בְּעַֽרְב֣וֹת him in the plains H6160
בְּעַֽרְב֣וֹת him in the plains
Strong's: H6160
Word #: 8 of 13
a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the jordan and its continuation to the red sea
יְרֵח֑וֹ of Jericho H3405
יְרֵח֑וֹ of Jericho
Strong's: H3405
Word #: 9 of 13
jericho or jerecho, a place in palestine
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 10 of 13
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
חֵיל֔וֹ And the army H2428
חֵיל֔וֹ And the army
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 11 of 13
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
נָפֹ֖צוּ were scattered H6327
נָפֹ֖צוּ were scattered
Strong's: H6327
Word #: 12 of 13
to dash in pieces, literally or figuratively (especially to disperse)
מֵֽעָלָֽיו׃ H5921
מֵֽעָלָֽיו׃
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 13 of 13
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Analysis & Commentary

And the army of the Chaldees pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho: and all his army were scattered from him.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 25: Covenant curses fulfilled completely. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. As Judah approaches exile, these events fulfill prophetic warnings and demonstrate that God's patience with covenant violation is not infinite.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 25 takes place during the final collapse of Judah and Babylonian exile, early 6th century BCE, 605-586 BCE. The chapter's theme (Fall of Jerusalem and Temple Destruction) reflects the historical reality of the final collapse of Judah, destruction of Jerusalem and the temple, and exile to Babylon as covenant curses are fully realized. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

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